Vaccination against trypanosomiasis

Figures & data

Table 1. Summary of vaccine candidates reported in literature. I.p.: intraperitoneal; FP: flagellar pocket; ISG: invariant surface glycoprotein; GPI: glycosylphosphatidylnositol; CP: cysteine protease; NI: not indicated.

Type of vaccine	Antigen	Antigen preparation	Boosts	Time lapse last boost-challenge	Parasite load	Immunological outcome	Reference
Intramuscular	FP	Parasite isolated	3	14 d or more	Natural exposure           in a field	Partial protection	Mkunza et al., Vaccine 1995^39
I.p.	FP	Parasite isolated	3	NI	500–10^3	Partial/no protection	Radwanska et al., Parasite Immunol 2000^40
I.p.	ISG65, ISG75	Recombinant protein	3	11 d	10^4	No protection	Ziegelbauer et al., J Biol Chem 1993^44
I.p.	ISG	Plasmid DNA	1	175 d	500	Partial protection	Lanca et al., Exp Parasitol 2011^45
Subcutaneous	Actin	Recombinant protein	3	6 d	10^3	Partial protection	Li et al., Parasitol Res 2009^47
Subcutaneous	Tubulin	Recombinant protein	3	6 d	10^3	Partial protection	Li et al., Parasite Immunol 2007^48
Subcutaneous	Tubulin	Parasite isolated	3	NI	10^3	Partial protection	Lubega et al., Exp Parasitol 2002^49
Intramuscular	Sialidase	Plasmid DNA	1	175 d	500	Partial protection	Silva et al., Parasitol Res 2009^52
I.p.	Cation ATPases	Recombinant protein	3	6 weeks	10^6	No protection	Ramey et al., Am J Trop Med Hyg 2009^53
I.p.	GPI	Liposomes	2	3 weeks	5.10^3	Partial protection	Stijlemans et al., J Immunol 2007^62
Subcutaneous	CP	Recombinant protein	4	1 mo	Experimental           tsetse fly challenge	Partial protection	Authie et al., Int J Parasitol 2001^66

Mkunza F, Olaho WM, Powell CN. Partial protection against natural trypanosomiasis after vaccination with a flagellar pocket antigen from Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense. Vaccine 1995; 13:151 - 4; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0264-410X(95)93128-V; PMID: 7625108

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Ziegelbauer K, Overath P. Organization of two invariant surface glycoproteins in the surface coat of Trypanosoma brucei. Infect Immun 1993; 61:4540 - 5; PMID: 8406850

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Lança AS, de Sousa KP, Atouguia J, Prazeres DM, Monteiro GA, Silva MS. Trypanosoma brucei: immunisation with plasmid DNA encoding invariant surface glycoprotein gene is able to induce partial protection in experimental African trypanosomiasis. Exp Parasitol 2011; 127:18 - 24; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.exppara.2010.06.017; PMID: 20599996

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Li SQ, Yang WB, Ma LJ, Xi SM, Chen QL, Song XW, et al. Immunization with recombinant actin from Trypanosoma evansi induces protective immunity against T. evansi, T. equiperdum and T. b. brucei infection. Parasitol Res 2009; 104:429 - 35; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00436-008-1216-9; PMID: 18923843

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Li SQ, Fung MC, Reid SA, Inoue N, Lun ZR. Immunization with recombinant beta-tubulin from Trypanosoma evansi induced protection against T. evansi, T. equiperdum and T. b. brucei infection in mice. Parasite Immunol 2007; 29:191 - 9; http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3024.2006.00933.x; PMID: 17371456

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Lubega GW, Byarugaba DK, Prichard RK. Immunization with a tubulin-rich preparation from Trypanosoma brucei confers broad protection against African trypanosomosis. Exp Parasitol 2002; 102:9 - 22; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0014-4894(02)00140-6; PMID: 12615162

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Silva MS, Prazeres DM, Lanca A, Atouguia J, Monteiro GA. Trans-sialidase from Trypanosoma brucei as a potential target for DNA vaccine development against African trypanosomiasis. Parasitol Res 2009; 105:1223 - 9; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00436-009-1542-6; PMID: 19582478

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Ramey K, Eko FO, Thompson WE, Armah H, Igietseme JU, Stiles JK. Immunolocalization and challenge studies using a recombinant Vibrio cholerae ghost expressing Trypanosoma brucei Ca(2+) ATPase (TBCA2) antigen. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2009; 81:407 - 15; PMID: 19706905

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Shaw A. The economics of African trypanosomiasis. in The trypanosomiasis edited by I Maudlin, P Holmes & M Miles Wallingford: CABI Publishing 2004.

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Stijlemans B, Baral TN, Guilliams M, Brys L, Korf J, Drennan M, et al. A glycosylphosphatidylinositol-based treatment alleviates trypanosomiasis-associated immunopathology. J Immunol 2007; 179:4003 - 14; PMID: 17785839

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Authie E, Boulange A, Muteti D, Lalmanach G, Gauthier F, Musoke AJ. Immunisation of cattle with cysteine proteinases of Trypanosoma congolense: targetting the disease rather than the parasite. Int J Parasitol 2001; 31:1429 - 33; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0020-7519(01)00266-1; PMID: 11595229

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