Time-dependent expression of cytochrome p450 epoxygenases during human prenatal development

Figures & data

Table 1. Brief summary of intestine, liver and kidney IUD events

	Age of IUD	Event
INTESTINE	turn of 3rd and 4th week	incorporation of yolk sack into embryo (formation of primitive gut)
	7th week	growth of intestines into the umbilical cord
	8th week	formation of villi begins
	10th week	retraction of intestines into abdominal cavity
	12th week	development of crypts of Lieberkühn
	13th week	organogenesis is complete
	4th month	intestine begins work (bile acids and intestinal enzymes secretion, peristaltics), swallowing detectable
LIVER	4th week	appearance of liver bud
	6th week	start of hematopoiesis
	7th week	hepatocytes are formed in trabecular structures
	12th week	bile formation
KIDNEY	early in 4th week	pronephros (transitory, non-functional structure)
	later in 4th week	mesonephros (temporary structure)
	5th week	metanephros is formed from two sources: uretheric bud (future collecting system) and nephrogenic mesenchyme (future nephrons)
	3rd month	start of ultrafiltration

Figure 1. Expression of CYP2C8, CYP29, CYP2C19, and CYP2J2 in enterocytes of embryonic/fetal intestine during 7th-20th week of IUD (n = 29) and adult duodenal tissue samples (n = 5). Graphs show the average histoscore. The error bars represent standard deviation.

Figure 2. Differences between signal localization in fetal intestine in 16th week of IUD. CYP2C8 (A) and CYP2C9 (B) in enterocytes show stronger positivity in crypts than in apex of villi. On the other hand, CYP2C19 (C) and CYP2J2 (D) show stronger positivity in apex of villi, area of crypts is almost negative.

Figure 3. Expression of CYP2C8, CYP29, CYP2C19, and CYP2J2 in hepatocytes of embryonic/fetal liver during 5th-20th week of IUD (n = 23) and adult tissue samples (n = 5). Graphs show the average histoscore. The error bars represent standard deviation.

Figure 4. Embryonic kidney in 7th week of IUD. The proximal tubuli shows stronger staining than other type of tubuli. The metanephrogenic blastema shows weak positivity whereas uninduced mesenchyme is negative.

Figure 5. Expression of CYP2C8, CYP29, CYP2C19, and CYP2J2 in the proximal tubuli of embryonic/fetal kidney during 6th-20th week of IUD (n = 25) and adult tissue samples (n = 5). Graphs show the average histoscore. The error bars represent standard deviation.

Figure 6. Expression of CYP2C8, CYP29, CYP2C19, and CYP2J2 in other tubuli (loops of Henle, distal tubuli, and collecting ducts) of embryonic/fetal kidney during 6th-20thweek of IUD (n = 25) and adult tissue samples (n = 5). Graphs show the average histoscore. The error bars represent standard deviation.

Table 2. Number of embryonic/fetal tissue samples in different ages of intrauterine development

	Number of embryonic/fetal tissue samples
Age (weeks of IUD)	Intestines	Liver	Kidney
5	-	1	-
6	-	3	2
7	4	2	1
8	2	1	3
9	3	-	1
10	2	2	3
11	4	3	1
12	3	2	4
13	-	-	2
14	2	3	2
15	-	-	-
16	3	2	-
17	1	1	-
18	3	2	5
19	1	-	-
20	1	1	1
Total	29	23	25

Table 3. Number of used adult tissue samples and the basic characterization of donors (age, gender)

Organ	Number	Gender	Age
Intestine (duodenum)	5	2 females, 3 males	29 - 59 y old
Liver	5	3 females, 2 males	16 - 73 y old
Kidney	5	1 female, 4 males	37 - 76 y old