The Europeanisation of CO₂ Regulation in the Scandinavian Countries

Abstract

The impact of European integration differs over time and between states. This article demonstrates how the increasing europeanisation of CO₂ regulation in the Scandinavian countries has lead to increasing convergence in the regulatory systems for very important target groups. The same system is being implemented in EU-member states (Denmark and Sweden) and an EEA member state (Norway), but at this stage the implementation is dissimilar in the sense that the established CO₂ tax delimits where quotas are introduced in Norway. In contrast, however, the quota systems in Sweden and Denmark delimit to a higher extent where the CO₂ taxation continues to exist. However, at this stage, it cannot be concluded that the variation is due to different degrees of Europeanisation.