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Abstract
The literature suggests that social support, in general, is linked to positive outcomes among correctional staff, but the different types of social support may differ in their effects. Using survey data from staff working at a privately-owned, maximum security prison for juveniles sentenced as adults, this study analyzes three intra-organizational supports, administrative, supervisory, and coworker, and one extra-organizational form, family/friends support, as antecedents of job stress, job involvement, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment. Personal variables serve as controls. Administrative and supervisory support are inversely related to job stress, while job involvement is affected positively by supervisory support and negatively by family/friends support. All three intra-organizational forms of support are significant antecedents of job satisfaction and organizational commitment however family/friends support is not. These findings hold implications for improving job outcomes among correctional staff and for future research.
Acknowledgements
The authors thank Janet Lambert for editing and proofreading the paper. The authors also thank the editor and anonymous reviewers for their comments and suggestions, which improved the paper.
Notes
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1 The survey measured a wide array of workplace perceptions, views, attitudes, intentions, and behaviors of employees. Because of the wealth of information from the survey, other studies have been conducted using different parts of the survey. The full citations of these studies are available upon request. None of these previous studies examined the impact of the four forms of social support on job stress, job involvement, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment together.