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Abstract
In this study, behavioral and emotional reactions to cyberbullying were investigated by surveying 567 undergraduate-level university students and 211 high school students. Among the study participants, 170 of the undergraduates (29.98%) and 120 of the high school students (56.87%) reported that they had recently been cyberbullied. A four-factor scale with 37 items was used to investigate the behavioral cyberbullying reactions of victimized students. The four factors were revenge, countermeasure, negotiation and avoidance. An additional two-factor scale with 11 items was used to classify victimized students’ emotional reactions as either internalizing or externalizing. Explained variance values of both scales were above 50%, and the factors were found to have acceptable internal consistency coefficients. Behavioral and emotional reactions varied according to gender and school level. Computer self-efficacy and internet use were associated with different reaction types.
Acknowledgements
We thank the Editors and anonymous reviewers for their contributive comments. Preliminary findings have been presented as an abstract in AECT 2017 International Convention.
Additional information
Bahadır Erişti is an associate professor in the Department of Educational Sciences at Anadolu University, Turkey. He has a BA, MA and PhD in Curriculum and Instruction. His research interests are value education, effective instructional strategies and program development.
Yavuz Akbulut is a professor in the Department of Educational Sciences at Anadolu University, Turkey. He has an MA in computer assisted language teaching and a PhD in instructional design and technology. He conducts research on cyberpsychology and learning, multitasking and online gaming behaviors.