Possibilities for preserving genetic resources in birds

Abstract

This review discusses various techniques of storage of avian genetic resources. Semen cryopreservation still seems to represent one of the most effective and feasible methods for preservation of genetic resources. Various cryoprotective agents, cooling rates and semen packaging methods are discussed. The use of ovarian tissue, embryonic cells, such as primordial germ cells (PGCs) or blastodermal cells, is the most promising approach because both male and female genetic information can be preserved. A relatively innovative technique; transplantation of cryopreserved testicular cells into adult animals with subsequent production of donor-derived progeny is also mentioned. This transplantation method may contribute to the preservation of endangered avian species and to maintaining their genetic variability.

Keywords::

• genetic resources
• semen
• spermatogonial cells
• testes
• embryonic cells
• ovarian tissue

Acknowledgements

This research was supported by grant no. 2015TF01000076 from the Technology Agency of the Czech Republic and grant no. 15-23993S awarded by the Czech Science Foundation.