Control of dental-derived induced pluripotent stem cells through modified surfaces for dental application

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the behaviour of iPSc derived from dental stem cells in terms of initial adhesion, differentiation potential on differently surface-treated titanium disc.

Materials and methods: iPSc derived from human gingival fibroblasts (hGFs) were established using 4-reprogramming factors transduction with Sendai virus. The hGF-iPSc established in this study exhibited the morphology and growth properties similar to human embryonic stem (ES) cells and expressed pluripotency makers. Alkaline Phosphatase (AP) staining, Embryoid Body (EB) formation and in vitro differentiation and karyotyping further confirmed pluripotency of hGF-iPSc. Then, hGF-iPSc were cultured on machined- and Sandblasted and acid etched (SLA)-treated titanium discs with osteogenic induction medium and their morphological as well as quantitative changes according to different surface types were investigated using Alizrin Red S staining, Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Flow cytometry and RT-PCR.

Results: Time-dependent and surface-dependent morphological changes as well as quantitative change in osteogenic differentiation of hGF-iPSc were identified and osteogenic gene expression of hGF-iPSc cultured on SLA-treated titanium disc found to be greater than machined titanium disc, suggesting the fate of hGF-iPSc may be determined by the characteristics of surface to which hGF-iPSc first adhere.

Conclusions: iPSc derived from dental stem cell can be one of the most promising and practical cell sources for personalized regenerative dentistry and their morphological change as well as quantitative change in osteogenic differentiation according to different surface types may be further utilized for future clinical application incorporated with dental implant.

Keywords:

• Induced pluripotent stem cells derived from dental stem cells
• characterization
• titanium disc
• rough surface
• osteogenesis

Acknowledgements

Yong-Beom Park is co-corresponding author. This research was supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education (NRF-2013R1A1A2058120), the Yonsei University School of Dentistry Intermural Research (2-2014-0012) and Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education (NRF-2016R1D1A1B03934584).

Disclosure statement

The authors report no conflicts of interest. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of this article.

Additional information

Funding

This research was supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education (NRF-2013R1A1A2058120), the Yonsei University School of Dentistry Intermural Research (2-2014-0012) and Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education (NRF-2016R1D1A1B03934584).