No lymphokines in T-cells around loosened hip prostheses

Tian-Fang Li Departments of 1Orthopaedics and Traumatology, 2Oral Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, 3ORTON Research Institute, Invalid Foundation, Helsinki, 4Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedicine, Biomedicum, University of Helsinki, Finland, 5Rheumatology, Long Island Jewish Hospital, NY, USA. Correspondence: Professor Yrjo T. Konttinen, Department of Oral Medicine, Surgical Hospital, Kasarmikatu 11-13, FI-00029 Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland. E-mail: yrjo.konttinen@helsinki..

Seppo Santavirta Departments of 1Orthopaedics and Traumatology, 2Oral Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, 3ORTON Research Institute, Invalid Foundation, Helsinki, 4Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedicine, Biomedicum, University of Helsinki, Finland, 5Rheumatology, Long Island Jewish Hospital, NY, USA. Correspondence: Professor Yrjo T. Konttinen, Department of Oral Medicine, Surgical Hospital, Kasarmikatu 11-13, FI-00029 Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland. E-mail: yrjo.konttinen@helsinki..

Ville Waris Departments of 1Orthopaedics and Traumatology, 2Oral Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, 3ORTON Research Institute, Invalid Foundation, Helsinki, 4Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedicine, Biomedicum, University of Helsinki, Finland, 5Rheumatology, Long Island Jewish Hospital, NY, USA. Correspondence: Professor Yrjo T. Konttinen, Department of Oral Medicine, Surgical Hospital, Kasarmikatu 11-13, FI-00029 Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland. E-mail: yrjo.konttinen@helsinki..

Jan Lassus Departments of 1Orthopaedics and Traumatology, 2Oral Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, 3ORTON Research Institute, Invalid Foundation, Helsinki, 4Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedicine, Biomedicum, University of Helsinki, Finland, 5Rheumatology, Long Island Jewish Hospital, NY, USA. Correspondence: Professor Yrjo T. Konttinen, Department of Oral Medicine, Surgical Hospital, Kasarmikatu 11-13, FI-00029 Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland. E-mail: yrjo.konttinen@helsinki..

Lauri Lindroos Departments of 1Orthopaedics and Traumatology, 2Oral Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, 3ORTON Research Institute, Invalid Foundation, Helsinki, 4Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedicine, Biomedicum, University of Helsinki, Finland, 5Rheumatology, Long Island Jewish Hospital, NY, USA. Correspondence: Professor Yrjo T. Konttinen, Department of Oral Medicine, Surgical Hospital, Kasarmikatu 11-13, FI-00029 Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland. E-mail: yrjo.konttinen@helsinki..

Jing-Wen Xu Departments of 1Orthopaedics and Traumatology, 2Oral Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, 3ORTON Research Institute, Invalid Foundation, Helsinki, 4Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedicine, Biomedicum, University of Helsinki, Finland, 5Rheumatology, Long Island Jewish Hospital, NY, USA. Correspondence: Professor Yrjo T. Konttinen, Department of Oral Medicine, Surgical Hospital, Kasarmikatu 11-13, FI-00029 Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland. E-mail: yrjo.konttinen@helsinki..

Ismo Virtanen Departments of 1Orthopaedics and Traumatology, 2Oral Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, 3ORTON Research Institute, Invalid Foundation, Helsinki, 4Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedicine, Biomedicum, University of Helsinki, Finland, 5Rheumatology, Long Island Jewish Hospital, NY, USA. Correspondence: Professor Yrjo T. Konttinen, Department of Oral Medicine, Surgical Hospital, Kasarmikatu 11-13, FI-00029 Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland. E-mail: yrjo.konttinen@helsinki..

Yrjö T Konttinen Departments of 1Orthopaedics and Traumatology, 2Oral Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, 3ORTON Research Institute, Invalid Foundation, Helsinki, 4Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedicine, Biomedicum, University of Helsinki, Finland, 5Rheumatology, Long Island Jewish Hospital, NY, USA. Correspondence: Professor Yrjo T. Konttinen, Department of Oral Medicine, Surgical Hospital, Kasarmikatu 11-13, FI-00029 Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland. E-mail: yrjo.konttinen@helsinki..

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Abstract

Research results have been contradictory about the role of lymphocytes and immune response in aseptic loosening of total hip replacement (THR). Conclusive evidence is still lacking in spite of extensive in vivo and in vitro studies. Our study was designed to check whether T-cells were activated and if they produced lymphokines in synovial membrane-like interface tissue around loosened THRs. Tissue sections were stabilized and permeabilized to allow the cytokine-specific antibodies to penetrate through the cell membrane and the membranes of intracellular organelles. This technique, combined with computer-assisted image analysis, permits the detection and quantitation of lymphokine-producing cells. We found that the number of T-cells was low, and none of the T-cells was activated, as shown by the absence of interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R) immunoreactivity. There was no cell producing lymphokines, such as interleukin-2 (IL-2), interferon-gamma (IFN-^7;), and tumor necrosis factor-beta (TNF-^6;). Our results suggest that T-cell-mediated immune response is not actively involved in aseptic loosening of THR.

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No lymphokines in T-cells around loosened hip prostheses

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