Early Greek Alchemy, Patronage and Innovation in Late Antiquity

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Notes

1 Vangelis Koutalis, Matteo Martelli and Gerasimos Merianos, “Graeco-Egyptian, Byzantine and Post-Byzantine Alchemy: Introductory Remarks,” in Greek Alchemy from Late Antiquity to Early Modernity, ed. E. Nicolaidis (Turnhout: Brepols, 2018), 31–7.

2 See, e.g., Benoît Godin, Innovation Contested: The Idea of Innovation over the Centuries (New York: Routledge, 2015); Apostolos Spanos, “Was Innovation Unwanted in Byzantium?” in Wanted: Byzantium. The Desire for a Lost Empire, ed. I. Nilsson and P. Stephenson (Uppsala: Uppsala Universitet, 2014), 43–56.

3 See, e.g., Garth Fowden, The Egyptian Hermes: A Historical Approach to the Late Pagan Mind (repr., Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1993), 153 n. 43; Daniel Stolzenberg, “Unpropitious Tinctures: Alchemy, Astrology & Gnosis according to Zosimos of Panopolis,” Archives internationales d'histoire des sciences 49 (1999): 29–31; Kyle A. Fraser, “Zosimos of Panopolis and the Book of Enoch: Alchemy as Forbidden Knowledge,” Aries 4, no. 2 (2004): 131 n. 22; Shannon L. Grimes, “Zosimus of Panopolis: Alchemy, Nature, and Religion in Late Antiquity” (Ph.D. diss., Syracuse University, 2006), 119–51.