Identifying Relationships between Catches of Spawning Condition Yellow Perch and Environmental Variables in the Western Basin of Lake Erie

Abstract

Although the reproductive behavior of yellow perch Perca flavescens has been well documented in small systems, relatively little is known about the spawning preferences of yellow perch in large systems, such as the Laurentian Great Lakes. During 2006 and 2007, we compared the presence and abundance adult yellow perch during the spring spawning season with environmental variables in the western basin of Lake Erie. We also estimated the timing of yellow perch spawning by comparing the relative abundance of gravid and spent females collected in our trawls and then comparing the proportion of gravid females with environmental conditions at our sampling sites. Overall, the probability of catching adult yellow perch and the catch per unit effort increased with increasing bottom temperatures in the spring, whereas the probability of catching gravid females increased with increasing Secchi depth. However, the relationships between our catch metrics and environmental variables were not consistent across years, possibly as a result of the very strong 2003 year-class, which became first-year spawners in 2006. We also documented that yellow perch spawning occurred when bottom temperatures were between 11°C and 15°C in the western basin; these temperatures were reached on different dates in different parts of the basin and in different years. Thus, we suggest that management agencies consider basing the start of the commercial fishing season on prevailing bottom temperatures rather than using a set date across years and sites.

Received December 4, 2009; accepted October 6, 2010

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

We thank the personnel at the Sandusky Fisheries Research Unit of the Ohio Division of Wildlife for their assistance with this study. Roger Knight and Jeff Tyson in particular provided helpful comments during the initial stages of survey design. We also thank the many researchers at the Ohio State University Aquatic Ecology Laboratory and F. T. Stone Laboratory who provided technical help in the field. We greatly appreciate Richard Beamish and two anonymous reviewers for providing comments that improved the text of this manuscript. This research was funded by Federal Aid in Sport Fish Restoration Project F-69-P, which is administered jointly by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and the Ohio Department of Wildlife, and by the Department of Evolution, Ecology, and Organismal Biology at Ohio State University.