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Abstract
In the present study the possibilities of electrothermal vaporization inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ETV-ICP-OES) for characterization of archaeological glasses were investigated. The objects of our research were fragments of a colorless late antique Roman flat window glass (fifth century A.D.) and colored medieval glass bracelets (eleventh–twelfth century A.D.) excavated in the region of Pernik (West Bulgaria).
The finely ground glass samples were analyzed directly and CHF3 was used as evaporation and transport modifier. Dried aqueous standard solutions and certified reference materials with different matrix (glass, fly ash, and stream sediment) were used as calibration standards. No matrix effects were observed by the optimized conditions. Measurements were performed using common calibration curves obtained with all appropriate calibration standards and major, minor, and trace element concentrations were determined. ETV-ICP-OES analytical data were used to establish the type of glass, the fluxing agents, the typical coloring and decoloring elements, and the recipe norm.
Acknowledgments
This paper is part of a special issue organized by Dr. Nikolaos Thomaidis and Dr. Antony C. Calokerinos from research presented at the Aegean Analytical Chemistry Days Conference in Lesvos, Greece on 29 September–3 October 2010.
The authors thank to V. Paunova from the Historical Museum in Pernik, Bulgaria for supplying the glass fragments. The authors also gratefully acknowledge the financial support by the National Science Fund of Bulgaria (Contract No DTK-02/05/2010), the Green Analytical Methods Academic Center GAMA (Contract No DO-02-70/2008), and the National Centre for New Materials UNION (Contract No DCVP-02/2/2009).
Notes
BV, Bela Voda; KC, Krakra Castle.