Novel Hydrogen Peroxide Biosensor Based on Hemoglobin Combined with Electrospinning Composite Nanofibers

Abstract

A facile strategy to construct an amperometric biosensor was described for the determination of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂). This biosensor relied on an electrospinning gold nanoparticle-chitosan-poly(vinyl alcohol) composite nanofibers modified ITO electrode, followed by immobilization of hemoglobin (Hb) on the surface. The introduction of nanofibers and gold nanoparticles in the modification of electrode surface not only enhanced the surface area of the modified electrode for enzyme immobilization but also facilitated the electron transfer rate. Under optimum conditions, the sensor was characterized in terms of its morphology by scanning electron microscopy and its electroactivity by cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the obtained nanofibers were uniform. The chronoamperometric behavior of the modified electrode indicated that the immobilized Hb retained electrochemical activity inside the electrospinning fibrous membranes. The electrode responded linearly to H₂O₂ in a wider concentration range of 5.6 × 10⁻⁷ M to 5.2 × 10⁻² M with a low detection limit (S/N = 3) of 1.98 × 10⁻⁷ M and a short response time of ∼4 s, suggesting a much better performance than that of other sensors. Moreover, the biosensor achieved bulk production and exhibited superior properties for the sensitive determination of H₂O₂, studied namely, long-term stability, good reproducibility, and high selectivity.

Keywords:

• Biosensor
• Composite nanofibers
• Electrospinning
• Hemoglobin
• Hydrogen peroxide

Acknowledgments

This paper is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC, No. 20975073).