Microwave-Assisted Green Synthesis of Non-Cytotoxic Silver Nanoparticles Using the Aqueous Extract of Rosa santana (rose) Petals and Their Antimicrobial Activity

Abstract

Green methods using biological extracts, in particular plant-based solutions, have shown great potential for silver nanoparticle synthesis. A microwave-assisted single-step phytosynthesis of silver nanoparticles is described in the present study. The aqueous extract obtained from the Rosa santana (rose) petals was used for the first time in the synthesis. The synthesized nanoparticles obtained after optimized microwave conditions for time and temperature were analyzed by ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV–Vis), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Zeta-size analysis. The results obtained from the characterization studies showed that the synthesized nanoparticles were nearly spherical in shape with sizes from 6.52 nm to 25.24 nm with an average particle size of 14.48 nm with a face-centered cubic structure. The antibacterial activities of the synthesized nanoparticles were evaluated and revealed that the silver nanoparticles displayed good inhibition against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Also, the cytotoxic effect of the silver nanoparticles on a mouse fibroblast cell line (L929) was studied by a cell viability assay. The results showed that phytosynthesized silver nanoparticles were nontoxic to the healthy normal cell line at all tested concentrations.

Keywords:

• Biological activity
• microwave-assisted synthesis
• Rosa santana
• silver nanoparticles

Acknowledgments

This study was produced from a part of Israt Jahan's PhD thesis. The authors would like to express their thanks and gratefulness to the Department of Bioengineering, Yildiz Technical University for their research infrastructure. Rabia Cakir-Koc is acknowledged for her immense support in the cytotoxicity study of synthesized nanoparticles.

Disclosure statement

No conflicts of interest are reported by the authors.

Table 1. Infrared spectral characterization of the reduced silver nitrate solution containing the plant extract by the absorption peaks and the corresponding functional groups.