Reduced Graphene Oxide/Poly(2-Aminopyridine) Modified Molecularly Imprinted Glassy Carbon Electrode (GCE) for the Determination of Kanamycin in Milk and Pork by Differential Pulse Voltammetry (DPV)

Abstract

Kanamycin (KAN) is a widely used aminoglycoside antibiotic that has attracted attention due to its presence in food and the environment. In order to obtain a simple, rapid, and sensitive method for kanamycin, an electrochemical sensor was fabricated by successively modifying a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) with reduced graphene oxide (rGO), poly(2-aminopyridine) (pAP) film, and a KAN molecularly imprinted membrane (KAN-MIM) that was prepared by electroreduction of graphene oxide and the electropolymerization of 2-aminopyridine and dopamine. The morphology and electrochemical parameters were characterized for the sensor designated by KAN-MIM/pAP/rGO/GCE. As a result of the amplification of the modified electrode, excellent analytical performance was obtained on the bases of sensitivity, selectivity, repeatability, and stability. The linear range and limit of detection for kanamycin were from 0.02 to 250.0 μmol·L⁻¹ and 7.0 nmol·L⁻¹, respectively. The sensor was employed to determine KAN in pork and milk with recoveries from 89.2% to 109.0% and a relative standard deviation less than 6.0%.

Keywords:

• Kanamycin
• molecular imprinting
• electrochemical sensor
• differential pulse voltammetry
• glassy carbon electrode

Additional information

Funding

This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant no. 22164020).