Fluorescence Nanoparticle Sensor Array Combined with Multidimensional Data Processing for the Determination of Small Organics and the Identification of Baijiu

Abstract

The discrimination and determination of small organics may be employed for baijiu identification. A single nanoparticle was designed as a fluorescence sensor to address this issue. Via specific host-guest interactions, small organics may significantly disrupt the energy transmission of nanoparticles, resulting in sharp changes in characteristic fluorescence peaks, thus allowing the discrimination of single substances or mixtures by principal component analysis (PCA), hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA), and linear discriminant analysis (LDA). The system was characterized by transmission electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectrometry and fluorescence spectroscopy. 15 small flavor organics in baijiu were successfully discriminated. Moreover, the linear relationship between the concentrations of tryptophan and ethyl butyrate with the corresponding responsiveness demonstrated the capabilities of the sensor. The reported device was successfully applied to distinguish 16 baijiu brands. This simple and rapid method has outstanding potential for the characterization of alcoholic beverages.

Keywords:

• Baijiu
• fluorescence nanoparticle sensor
• hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA)
• identification
• linear discriminant analysis (LDA)
• principal component analysis (PCA)
• small organics

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Additional information

Funding

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NO. 31171684), China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2022M720572), Chongqing Natural Science Foundation (CSTB2022NSCQ-BHX0727), Key Laboratory of Wuliangye-Flavour Liquor Solid-State Fermentation, China National Light Industry (2021JJ001), Key Laboratory of Brewing Molecular Engineering of China Light Industry (BME-202108), Scientific Research Funding Project of Chongqing Municipal Administration for Market Regulation (CQSJKJ2020027), Wuliangye Group Research Project (CXY2020ZR004), Chongqing Graduate Tutor Team Construction Project, Analytical and Testing Centre of Chongqing University for TEM, and the shared large equipment fund of Chongqing University.