Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) for the Characterization of Biodesulfurization of Gordonia HS-126-4N by 4,6-Dimethyl Dibenzothiophene

Abstract

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) was employed to detect the biochemical changes in Gordonia-HS126-4N bacterial strain mediated by exposure to 4,6-dimethyldibenzothiophene. SERS has revealed significant changes induced in the bacterial cells after exposure to a compound, confirming its potential for evaluating their desulfurization capability. Principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares–discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) were demonstrated to be effective tools for comparison of the exposed and unexposed bacterial strains. PCA was used for differentiating the SERS spectra of unexposed and exposed Gordonia-HS126-4N. PLS-DA was employed on SERS spectra for the discrimination of the unexposed and exposed bacterial strains with 87% specificity, 88% sensitivity, 89% accuracy, and the value of area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUROC) of 0.78, which indicates the excellent performance of the chemometric model.

Keywords:

• Biodesulfurization
• 4,6-dimethyl dibenzothiophene
• gordonia HS126-4N
• multivariate data analysis
• partial least square discriminant analysis (PLS-DA)
• principal component analysis (PCA)
• surface-enhanced raman spectroscopy (SERS)

Disclosure statement

The authors have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

Correction Statement

This article has been corrected with minor changes. These changes do not impact the academic content of the article.

Additional information

Funding

The study was supported by grant [No. NRPU-11570] from the Higher Education Commission (HEC) of Pakistan.