Magnetic Solid-Phase Extraction (MSPE) Coupled With Gas Chromatography-Barrier Discharge Ionization Detection (GC-BID) for the Simultaneous Determination of 16 Phthalates in Baijiu

Abstract

Prolonged exposure to phthalates (PAEs) can adversely affect the human endocrine system. This study proposes a method for quantitatively determining the PAE content in Baijiu using magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) coupled with gas chromatography-barrier discharge ionization detection (GC-BID). A hydrophobic reversed-phase (C18) magnetic adsorbent was used to extract and enrich the PAEs in Baijiu, and GC-BID was used for their separation and detection. The pretreatment and detection conditions were investigated and optimized to improve the recovery of the PAEs. Under the optimized conditions, the method performed effectively in the linear range (20.0–3000.0 ng/mL), with limits of detection ranging from 0.04 to 0.62 ng/mL, relative standard deviations from 1.5 to 8.7% and enrichment factors from 26.6 to 50.0. The MSPE-GC-BID method successfully detected PAEs in the Baijiu samples. The recovery of the 16 PAEs in the spiked Baijiu ranged from 42.3 to 143.9%, with a relative standard deviation of less than 7.2%. This method shows good repeatability and precision, making it suitable for the determination of phthalates in Baijiu.

Keywords:

• Baijiu
• gas chromatography-barrier discharge ionization detector (GC-BID
• magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE)
• phthalate

Acknowledgments

We thank Taylor & Francis Editing Services (https://www.tandfeditingservices.com/) for providing language assistance.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Data availability statement

The data used to support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding authors upon request.

Additional information

Funding

This research was supported by the Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University Sanzong Scientific Research Support Plan [Grant No. ZRCPY202227] and Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University Talent Introduction Scientific Research Fund [Grant No. XDB202116].