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Abstract
1. Shea nut (Vitellaria paradoxa Gaertn.) meal was fermented for 8 d with either Aspergillus niger, Ceriporiopsis subvermispora or a mixture of the two organisms. The fermentation was completed using two methods, an opened container or a closed container.
2. Each of the 6 samples was dried and incorporated into basal broiler diets at 90 g/kg.
3. In addition, the unfermented shea nut meal was incorporated in the diet at 90 g/kg and the basal diet (maize and soybean meal based) was also provided as an eighth dietary treatment to individually caged broiler chickens.
4. All fermented fungi-treated shea nut meals had similar proximate nutrient compositions to the unfermented shea nut meal, but there were substantial decreases in their hydrolysable tannins and saponin contents. Both fermentation methods gave similar reductions in the concentrations of tannins and saponins.
5. Shea nut meal fermented with individual or both fungal organisms gave greater (P < 0·001) growth performance than that of unfermented shea nut meal. However, all shea nut meals including the unfermented meal gave lower (P < 0·001) growth variables than those for the maize–soybean meal control.
6. The nutritional improvement of shea nut meal achieved in this study still falls far short of what is expected for it to become valuable for the poultry feed industry. These fermentation methods using A. niger or C. subvermispora require further improvements to provide satisfactory feed products.
Acknowledgements
The financial assistance provided by Ghana Educational Trust Fund (GETFUND) as well as technical assistance provided for tannin analysis by Ryszard Amarowicz (Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland) and saponin analysis by Adeboye Fafiolu (College of Animal Science and Livestock Production, University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria) is gratefully acknowledged.