Performance and Meat Quality of Broiler Chickens Reared on two Different Litter Materials and at two Stocking Densities

ABSTRACT

1. This study evaluated the performance and meat quality of broiler chickens reared on two litter materials and at two stocking densities.

2. The chicks were allotted in a completely randomised design in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement with two litter materials (wood shavings or rice straw) and two stocking densities (24 or 30 kg/m²), with six replicates per treatment. Broiler performance, carcase yield, prime cuts, blood plasma proteins, the enzymes alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase, edible viscera, immune organs, intestine weight and length, abdominal fat, breast meat colour, pH, weight loss by defrosting, weight loss by cooking and shear force were evaluated.

3. The density of 24 kg/m² positively influenced feed consumption and weight gain. The type of litter had a positive influence on feed conversion, with a lower value for birds raised on wood shavings.

4. Breast production was improved in birds reared at a density of 24 kg/m² when compared to birds reared at a density of 30 kg/m². The rice straw bedding negatively affected abdominal fat (resulting in higher percentages) when compared to birds reared on wood shavings.

5. The types of litter affected the enzyme aspartate aminotransferase in birds raised on wood shavings, although these values were not increased to the point of influence on the physiological functions of broilers.

6. The colour of the breast meat, pH, temperature, weight loss after thawing or cooking, shear force, cholesterol, triglycerides, albumin, total proteins, glucose or alanine aminotransferase content were not influenced by the stocking densities or bedding.

7. The use of wood shavings as poultry bedding at a stocking density of 24 kg/m²resulted in the best performance for broiler chickens at 42 days of age.

KEYWORDS:

• Broiler performance
• body weight
• carcase yield
• litter material
• stocking density

Acknowledgments

The authors wish to acknowledge the Coordination for the Improvement Higher of Education Personnel (CAPES) for granting a scholarship, the Federal University of Tocantins (UFT), Dr Fernando Teixeira Albino of the Federal University of Viçosa and the company GRANFORTE for the supply of raw material for the realization of the experiments. The development of this research benefited from the UFT Institutional Productivity Research Program (PROPESQ/UFT).

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.