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Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly
The Canadian Journal of Metallurgy and Materials Science
Volume 60, 2021 - Issue 4
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Chemical and Extractive Metallurgy - Pyrometallurgy

Effect of different forms of carbon on the reduction behaviour of iron ore-carbonaceous material composite pellets in multi-layer bed rotary hearth furnace (RHF)

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Pages 281-293 | Received 12 Feb 2021, Accepted 19 Oct 2021, Published online: 16 Nov 2021
 

ABSTRACT

The present study investigates the effect of different forms of carbon in various coal and char-based composite pellets on reduction kinetics in a laboratory-scale multi-layer bed rotary hearth furnace at 1250°C. A novel plot showing the variation of DOM (degree of metallization) against DOR (degree of reduction) demonstrated the role of heat and mass transfer in the reduction process irrespective of layers and type of pellets. Char-based composite pellets exhibited higher reduction efficiency than coal-based pellets, even at comparable fixed carbon levels, attributed to micro-porous morphological features, and less fayalite formation in the char-based pellets. Top layer registered the maximum extent of reduction, and middle layer registered the minimum. Bottom layer also showed comparable reduction to the top layer due to more active volatile contribution at the bottom layer. Formation of fayalite at the top layer restricted the maximum extent of reduction beyond 80%.

RÉSUMÉ

L'étude courante examine l'effet de différentes formes de carbone dans diverses boulettes composites à base de charbon et de résidus charbonneux sur la cinétique de réduction dans un four à sole tournante à lit multicouche à l'échelle du laboratoire, à 1250°C. Un nouveau graphique montrant la variation du DOM (degré de métallisation) par rapport au DOR (degré de réduction) a démontré le rôle du transfert de chaleur et de masse dans le processus de réduction indépendamment des couches et du type de boulettes. Les boulettes composites à base de résidus charbonneux présentaient une plus grande efficacité de réduction que les boulettes à base de charbon, même à des niveaux de carbone fixes comparables, attribuée aux caractéristiques morphologiques microporeuses et à la moindre formation de fayalite dans les boulettes à base de résidus charbonneux. La couche supérieure a enregistré l'extension maximale de réduction, et la couche intermédiaire a enregistré le minimum. La couche inférieure a également montré une réduction comparable à la couche supérieure en raison d'une contribution volatile plus active à la couche inférieure. La formation de fayalite à la couche supérieure a restreint l'extension maximale de la réduction au-delà de 80%.

Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful to the Ministry of Steel, Government of India, for providing financial support for the project and Research & Development Centre for Iron & Steel, Steel Authority of India (RDCIS, SAIL), Ranchi, India, for supplying raw materials to carry out the experiments.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Additional information

Funding

This work was supported by Ministry of Steel, Government of India.

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