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Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly
The Canadian Journal of Metallurgy and Materials Science
Volume 62, 2023 - Issue 2
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Materials Processing, Characterization and Properties

On the role of Sc in powders and spray deposits of hypoeutectic Al-Cu

À propos du rôle de Sc dans les poudres et les revêtements par projection d’Al-Cu hypoeutectique

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Pages 232-243 | Received 18 Apr 2022, Accepted 20 Jun 2022, Published online: 21 Jul 2022
 

ABSTRACT

Scandium (Sc) is an expensive alloying element which has an important effect on the properties of aluminum alloys. It is of interest to determine for a variety of solidification conditions the effect of minor addition, in the hypoeutectic levels, of Sc on Al alloys. This study builds on past work on rapid and slow solidification of Al-4.5Cu-0.4Sc (wt%) by comparing previous microstructures to those obtained using spray forming of strip. The effect of Sc (0.4 wt%) on the scale of the microstructure of as-atomised powders and as-deposited strips (SD) is found to be negligible in the investigated alloys. The eutectic undercooling of the Al-4.5Cu-0.4Sc (wt%) alloy is the same for both powders and SD. This is attributed to eutectic nucleation and growth following the same path in both solidification processes, characterised by an extended solubility of Sc in the primary α-Al matrix, as evidenced by the resulting Sc-rich precipitates and inherent age hardening upon annealing of the as-solidified samples. This work contributes to building an understanding of rapidly cooled structures and their subsequent self-aging in advanced manufacturing processes.

Le scandium (Sc) est un élément d’alliage dispendieux qui a un effet important sur les propriétés des alliages d’aluminium. Il est intéressant de déterminer pour une variété de conditions de solidification l’effet d’une addition mineure, aux niveaux hypoeutectiques, de Sc sur les alliages d’Al. Cette étude s’appuie sur le travail antérieur sur la solidification rapide et lente d’Al-4.5Cu-0.4Sc (% en poids) en comparant les microstructures précédentes à celles obtenues à l’aide du formage par projection de la bande. On a constaté que l’effet de Sc (0.4% en poids) à l’échelle de la microstructure des poudres telles qu’atomisées et des bandes telles que déposées (SD) était négligeable dans les alliages étudiés. La surfusion eutectique de l’alliage Al-4.5Cu-0.4Sc (% en poids) est la même pour les poudres et les SD. Ceci est attribué à la nucléation et à la croissance eutectiques suivant la même route dans les deux procédés de solidification, caractérisés par une solubilité étendue de Sc dans la matrice primaire Al-α, comme en témoignent les précipités résultants riches en Sc et le durcissement inhérent par vieillissement lors du recuit des échantillons tels que solidifiés. Ce travail contribue à construire une compréhension des structures refroidies rapidement et de leur auto-vieillissement subséquent dans les procédés de fabrication de pointe.

Acknowledgements

The authors express their gratitude to Dr. Jonas Valloton for the EBSD results, and to the Electron Microprobe Laboratory in the Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Alberta. The Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada is gratefully acknowledged for their financial support and the support of the NSERC-HI-AM for partial support of one of the co-authors (A-A B) in the preparation of this manuscript.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Funding details

This work was supported by Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada grants programme.

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