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Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly
The Canadian Journal of Metallurgy and Materials Science
Volume 62, 2023 - Issue 3
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Extractive Pyrometallurgy - Nonferrous

Processing of low grade manganese ore in submerged arc furnace

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Pages 581-593 | Received 26 Feb 2022, Accepted 12 Jul 2022, Published online: 29 Jul 2022
 

ABSTRACT

This paper presents an innovative technology that has been developed for the smelting of Egyptian low-grade manganese ore to produce low-manganese pig iron and high-manganese slag. This produced slag has a high Mn/Fe ratio, which, therefore, can be used in a second smelting process in the production of manganese alloys. In this developed technology, selective reduction of iron oxides from a ferruginous manganese ore (with Mn/Fe ratio equals 0.68) has been carried out via carbo-thermic reduction, in a 5 kg bench scale submerged arc furnace. The highest metallic yield, iron recovery in the pig iron, and MnO recovery in the manganese-rich slag, equal to 98%, 95.82%, and 94.59% respectively, were achieved at the optimum conditions of 4.5 kVA for pre-reduction power, 15 kVA for smelting power, 0.8 for coke ratio and 0.26 for CaO/SiO2 ratio. The reduction process was applied successfully on a 100 kVA pilot scale submerged arc furnace

Traitement du minerai de manganèse à faible teneur dans un four à arc submergé

Cet article présente une technologie innovatrice qui a été développée pour la fusion du minerai égyptien à faible teneur en manganèse pour produire de la fonte brute à faible teneur en manganèse et des scories à haute teneur en manganèse. Ces scories produites ont un rapport Mn/Fe élevé, et peuvent donc être utilisées dans un second procédé de fusion dans la production d’alliages de manganèse. Dans cette technologie développée, la réduction sélective des oxydes de fer à partir d’un minerai de manganèse ferrugineux (avec un rapport Mn/Fe égal à 0.68) a été effectuée par réduction carbothermique dans un four à arc submergé de 5 kg à l’échelle du laboratoire. Le rendement métallique le plus élevé, la récupération du fer dans la fonte brute et la récupération du MnO dans les scories riches en manganèse, de 98%, 95.82% et 94.59% respectivement, ont été obtenus aux conditions optimales de 4.5 KVA pour la puissance de pré-production, 15 KVA pour la puissance de fusion, 0.8 pour le rapport de coke et 0.26 pour le rapport CaO/SiO2. On a appliqué avec succès le processus de réduction à un four à arc submergé à l’échelle pilote de 100 KVA.

Acknowledgements

This work is a part of an applied project in a technological alliance for deepening and maximizing the local manufacturing of mineral resources in Sinai financed by the Academy of Science and Technology, Egypt. The authors would like to acknowledge the Academy of Science and Technology due to the financial support and all facilities offered to perform this work. Special thanks and gratitude are due to the management and colleagues in Sinai Manganese Company for the supplied raw materials, data, information and useful and fruitful discussions.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Additional information

Funding

This work was supported by Academy of Scientific Research and Technology.

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