SUMMARY
Karyotypes of several bisexual populations of the Leptynia attenuata complex were analysed. This complex includes four karyotypically differentiated taxa: Leptynia attenuata s.str., Leptynia montana, Leptynia caprai and Leptynia sp. The chromosome numbers of the four species are: 2n=36 (♂ XY; ♀ XX) for Leptynia attenuata, 2n=38 (♂ X0; ♀ XX) for Leptynia montana, 2n=40 (♂ X0; ♀ XX) for Leptynia caprai and 2n=40 (♂ X0; ♀ XX) for Leptynia sp. The evolutionary relationships between the four species are discussed.