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Abstract
Sexual minority students (most often gay, lesbian, or bisexual, but including anyone who does not or is perceived to not fit the common heterosexual stereotype) often face ongoing bullying and harassment in schools that goes unstopped by faculty or administration. These students suffer academically, emotionally, and physically as a direct result of the constant harassment. Students in rural areas with theologically conservative values tend to be at the greatest risk of homophobic retaliation with little to no recourse by the school district. More and more sexual minority students are finding help in court to enforce their right of equal protection under the Constitution. School districts can avoid litigation and help protect students by enforcing stricter policies against bullying and harassment specifically aimed at sexual orientation. Educating the faculty, staff, and students about sexual orientation and starting clubs such as gay-straight alliances are other methods to create a positive school climate.