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Original Articles

Free Radical and Functional Group Reaction and Index Gas CO Emission during Coal Spontaneous Combustion

, , , , &
Pages 834-848 | Received 23 Aug 2017, Accepted 03 Dec 2017, Published online: 18 Dec 2017
 

ABSTRACT

To explore the reaction mechanism of the low-temperature oxidation of coal and the law of active groups producing CO through oxygenolysis, this article analyzed the reaction characteristics of free radicals and functional groups during low-temperature oxidation by using electron spin resonance and Fourier transform infrared technologies. Based on gas chromatograph analysis, the index gas CO produced by active groups during coal spontaneous combustion was analyzed by studying the reaction of free radicals and oxygen-containing functional groups. The experiments showed that, with rising oxidizing temperatures from 30°C to 230°C, the g-value increased first and then decreased, while the concentration of free radicals constantly rose by 48.3%. When the oxidation temperatures rose to 100°C, the maximum g-value occurred, and the concentration of free radicals changed from slowly increasing by 10.2% to dramatically rising by 31.7%. Moreover, the relative intensities of various oxygen-containing functional groups, including –OH, C=O, C–O, and –COOH, exhibited different change laws with rising temperatures. The –OH constantly declined by 67.0% and began to slowly decrease when the temperatures reached 100°C, while C=O declined first, then increased, and began a rapidly rising stage after the temperatures increased to 80°C. The C–O was nearly unchanged below 180°C, while the growth was accelerated after reaching 180°C, and –COOH decreased at first, then rapidly increased after 80°C. Based on the free radical theory of coal spontaneous combustion, it was revealed that carbonyl radicals are the important active groups to produce CO. It can be assumed that a C=O functional group can also produce CO by taking phenylacetaldehyde as an example. A C–O functional group can produce CO by generating carbonyl radicals, so carbonyl radicals are the direct active groups to produce CO during low-temperature oxidation. CO concentration sharply increased after the oxidizing temperatures reached 100°C, which is consistent with the change of concentration of free radicals. There is a significant inflection point of oxygen-containing functional groups at 80°C, so 80–100°C (especially 100°C) is the allowable maximum temperature of the low-temperature oxidation of coal mass.

Acknowledgment

The authors are grateful to the Steady High Magnetic Field Facilities, High Magnetic Field Laboratory, CAS, for allowing a portion of this work to be performed there.

Additional information

Funding

This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51174198) and the Independent Research Project of State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources and Mine Safety (No. SKLCRSM11X01). This work is also a project funded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (No. PPZY2015A055).

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