Effects of Organic-Manure Application on Growth, Grain Yield, and Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium Recoveries of Rice Variety Manawthuka in Paddy Soils of Differing Fertility

Abstract

A 2-year pot experiment (2005–2006) was conducted in a greenhouse using rice variety Manawthuka on high-fertility Kasuya soil and low-fertility Futsukaichi soil. Fermented cow manure (CM) and poultry manure (PM) were applied as organic nitrogen (N) sources. In every manure application, 20 kg urea ha^–1 was also applied at basal. Dry matter, grain yield, and nitrogen uptake were greater in PM than CM and significantly greater in Kasuya soil. In 2006, they increased in Futsukaichi soil but decreased in Kasuya soil. Apparent nitrogen recovery was greater in PM than in CM and increased in both soils in 2006 because of residual benefits from manure application. The apparent phosphorus recovery was greater in CM than in PM; however, large plant phosphorus accumulation was observed in PM. In both soils, the efficiency of CM is very low, and CM-only application is unlikely to achieve an optimal rice yield in the short term.

Keywords:

• Cow manure
• low level application
• mixed application
• N recovery
• poultry manure
• rice

Acknowledgment

This study was supported by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology (MEXT), government of Japan. We thank Dr. Umezaki, Animal and Plant Science, Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Bioresources, Mie University, Japan, for providing seeds.