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ABSTRACT
High bicarbonate concentration in alkaline and calcareous soils is an important inducing factor of iron (Fe) chlorosis in plants. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of bicarbonate (15 and 30 mM) and Fe sources (FeEDTA and FeSO4.7 H2O) on vegetative growth and physiological traits of four grapevine cultivars in hydroponic systems. In this study a factorial experiment was conducted based on a completely randomized design with four replications. Results showed that bicarbonate and Fe-deficient (FD) treatments decreased total fresh and dry weights in all cultivars. Results also indicated that absolute growth rate significantly decreased under high bicarbonate (HB) concentration in all cultivars. The concentration of total Fe in shoot decreased under HB in Yaghouti, Flame Seedless and Rotabi cultivars (26%, 25%, 23% compared to their control plant respectively) however, the existence of bicarbonate had little effect on shoot Fe concentration of Thompson Seedless cultivar in both Fe sources (FeEDTA and FeSO4.7 H2O). Results indicated that leaf malondialdehyde (MDA) contents increased under HB in all cultivars and both Fe sources whereas MDA was increased in Thompson Seedless and Flame Seedless as well as Rotabi cultivars under FD treatment. Generally according to our results, cultivars showed different responses to bicarbonate and Fe deficiency, Thompson Seedless cultivar showed higher tolerance to bicarbonate application and Yaghouti and Flame Seedless cultivars had more tolerance under Fe-deficient conditions.
Acknowledgments
The authors would like to express special gratitude to Iran National Science Foundation for supporting this research.
Conflict of Interest
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.