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Notes
1. Key stage 1 (KS1) [five–seven-year-olds]; key stage 2 (KS2) [8–11-year-olds]; key stage 3 (KS3) [12–14-year-olds] and key stage 4 (KS4) [15–16-year-olds].
2. Northern Ireland has had a long history of community and religious conflict between the two main (Protestant and Catholic) communities. This is reflected in the schooling system, which is formally segregated by religion as well as ability (with grammar schools) and sex (i.e. a significant number of single-sex schools). The 1998 Belfast Agreement initiated the current peace process which has lead to a devolved government from the UK (Westminster) Parliament and which enables NI to have self-government in many aspects of local life, one of which is education policy and practice.
3. At time of writing (November 2008), there is still uncertainty (i.e. political impasse) around the continued use of an 11+ test for school transfer and whether post-primary schools in NI can continue to select children by ability from 2009 onwards.
4. Education Order (January 2007); Education (Minimum Content) Order (Northern Ireland) 2007, The Education (Assessment Arrangements) (Foundation to key stage 3) Order (Northern Ireland) 2007 (S.R. 2007, No. 45) Education (Pupil Records and Reporting) (Transitional) Regulations (Northern Ireland) 2007 (S.R. 2007, No. 43).
5. The Council for Curriculum, Examinations and Assessment (CCEA) – the curriculum and assessment body for NI.