Way-finding during a fire emergency: an experimental study in a virtual environment

Abstract

The way-finding behaviour and response during a fire emergency in a virtual environment (VE) was experimentally investigated. Forty participants, divided into two groups, were required to find the emergency exit as soon as possible in a virtual hotel building because of a fire escape demand under condition 1 (VE without virtual fire, control group) and condition 2 (VE with virtual fire, treatment group). Compared to the control group, the treatment group induced significantly higher skin conductivity and heart rate, experienced more stress, took longer time to notice the evacuation signs, had quicker visual search and had a longer escape time to find the exit. These results indicated that the treatment condition induced higher physiological and psychological stress, and had influenced the escape behaviour compared to the control group. In practice, fire evacuation education and fire evacuation system design should consider the response characteristics in a fire emergency.

Abstract

Practitioner Summary: This article studied people's way-finding behaviour and response during a fire emergency in a virtual environment. People in fire emergency experienced higher physiological and psychological stress, had different perception style, accordingly had different behaviour patterns and poorer way-finding performance, as compared with people in normal condition.

Keywords::

• emergency
• way-finding
• virtual environment
• stress
• evacuation

Additional information

Funding

This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [grant number 71371103], the Open Funding Project of National Key Laboratory of Human Factors Engineering [grant number HF2013-K-04] and research project from Foxconn Technology Group.