A cohort study of sciatic pain and measures of internal spinal load in professional drivers

Abstract

In a prospective cohort study of 537 male professional drivers, the occurrence of sciatic pain showed stronger associations with measures of internal lumbar load expressed in terms of daily compressive dose, S_ed (MPa), and risk factor, R (non-dimensional), according to ISO/WD 2631-5 (2013), than with measures of daily vibration exposure calculated as either 8-h energy-equivalent frequency-weighted acceleration (ms^− 2 r.m.s.) or vibration dose value (ms^− 1.75) according to the EU Directive on mechanical vibration (2002). Herniated lumbar disc, previous lumbar trauma and physical work load were also powerful predictors of the occurrence of sciatic pain over time. Psychosocial work environment was poorly associated with sciatic pain. The boundary values of risk factor (R) for low and high probabilities of adverse health effects on the lumbar spine, as proposed by international standard ISO/WD 2631-5 (2013), tend to underestimate the health risk in professional drivers.

Abstract

Practitioner Summary: In a prospective cohort study of professional drivers, measures of internal spinal load were better predictors of the occurrence of sciatic pain than the measures of daily vibration exposure established by the EU Directive (2002). Herniated lumbar disc, lumbar trauma and physical work load were also associated with sciatic pain.

Keywords::

• back pain
• biomechanics
• driving
• health risks
• whole-body vibration

Acknowledgements

This research was supported by the European Commission under the Quality of Life and Management of Living Resources programme – Project No. QLK4-2002-02650 (VIBRISKS), and by the Federal Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Germany – Research Project F 2257.