BaTiO 3 solid solutions containing rare-earth elements, which are used for capacitors with multi-layer structure, were prepared and their crystal structure was examined in order to determine preferential solubility site of rare-earth ions in perovskite structure. Since the ionic radius of Sm is in an intermediate range between those of Ba and Ti, both A and B-site replacements can be considered to occur. Rietveld refinement analysis and extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) analysis using synchrotron data were carried out to obtain the knowledge on the occupation site in the BaTiO 3 perovskite structure. These results proved that Sm is soluble in both A and B sites.
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Acknowledgment
This work was supported by a grant from the NITECH 21st Century COE program “World Ceramics Center for Environmental Harmony.”
Paper originally presented at AMF-4, Bangalore, India, December 12–15, 2003; received in final form April 10, 2005. The original Proceedings of the Fourth Asian Meeting on Ferroelectricity (AMF-4) are published in seven earlier volumes of FERROELECTRICS (Volumes 323–329, inclusive).