On the stable coexistence of the orthorhombic and rhombohedral symmetries in BiFeO₃ compound

Abstract

BiFeO₃ nanoparticles (<200 nm) were synthesized using the Pechini method and submitted to structural, microstructural, magnetic and electrical investigations. Two different structural symmetries were proposed to describe the BiFeO₃ structure and the observed electrical properties, rhombohedral (R3c space group) and orthorhombic (Pbmn). Electric conductivity results obtained as a function of temperature, show two completely reversible changes in the baseline (310 °C and 385 °C), indicating two magnetic corresponding transitions associated with the orthorhombic and rhombohedral symmetries. These transitions were linked to predicted insulating-metal transition when magnetic arrangement changes from antiferromagnetic to a nonmagnetic ordering.

Keywords:

• Ferroelectrics
• multiferroic magnetoelectrics
• magnetic properties

Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank the Brazilian agencies CNPq (proc. 309830/2017-6, 446565/2014-8, and 429687/2016-8), Fundação Araucária de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico do Paraná (Pesquisa Básica e Aplicada 09/2016) and CAPES (Procad 88881.068509/2014-01) for financial support.