Piezoelectric properties and related parameters of novel 1–2–2 composites based on single crystals of the PZN–xPT type

Abstract

High-performance 1–2–2 composites based on domain-engineered relaxor-ferroelectric single crystals are analyzed, which demonstrate strong electromechanical coupling and large energy-harvesting characteristics. The role of the single-crystal rods and laminar polymer matrix is highlighted. A large anisotropy of the piezoelectric charge coefficients d_3j* and electromechanical coupling factors k_3j* is observed in specific volume-fraction ranges, with proposed dependence diagrams. The effective parameters of composites with parallelepiped-shaped rods are compared to similar parameters for composites based on cylindrical rods, with good agreement between parameters. These novel composites can be used in piezoelectric sensors, actuators, transducers, and energy-harvesting devices.

Keywords:

• piezo-active composite
• domain-engineered single crystal
• piezoelectric properties
• electromechanical coupling factor
• energy-harvesting figure of merit
• anisotropy factors

Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank Prof. Dr. A. E. Panich and Prof. Dr. I. A. Parinov (Southern Federal University, Russia), and Prof. Dr. P. Bisegna (University of Rome Tor Vergata, Italy) for their interest in the performance of modern piezoelectric materials. Copyright permission from Wiley-VCH (www.wiley-vch.de) is acknowledged with due attention and gratitude.

Additional information

Funding

This study was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (project No. 20-38-90163).