Features and origin of the dynamic and the nonlinear piezoelectricity in poly (vinylidene fluoride)

Abstract

Some of the piezoelectric coefficients of poly (vinylidene fluoride) are distinctly stress dependent. It is reported on their dependence on the frequency of an oscillatory stress and on the magnitude of an superimposed offset stress. In order to explain the observed dynamic and nonlinear piezoelectric properties, a model is developed that attributes them to changes in the local polarization in an interphase between the crystalline and amorphous phases in this semi-crystalline polymer.