QoS-based energy-efficient hybrid routing protocols in RSU assisted VANET using clustering mechanism

ABSTRACT

Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANET) communication framework are employed to improve communication between vehicles on the highway and urban roads. Evaluating the best routing path by satisfying the QoS (Quality of Service) plays a substantial role in networking. Researchers for maximising the routing efficiency have employed numerous methods. But these criteria cannot be attained effectively due to certain limitations, including frequent route failure, high overhead, increased packet loss rate, less throughput and packet delivery rate. Hence, this work presents an effective strategy to offer better communication services with less energy consumption and high flexibility using QoS-based energy efficient routing framework with clustering (QoS_EErcF) network model. Initially, different clusters are formed by considering the constraints like node direction, link reliability, speed and distance. The cluster heads (CH) are chosen from the clusters with the dissemination of gateway nodes and cluster members using an Amended rapid cosine similarity-founded clustering mechanism (Arc_SimC). The best routing strategy for transmitting the data from source to destination is performed by using Integrated Pelican with grasshopper optimisation algorithm (IPel_Ghop). Constraints such as bandwidth, node distance, energy, packet loss rate, network traffic and end-to-end delay are considered to find the optimal path. The results are simulated using MATLAB, whereas the energy efficiency of a proposed model is obtained to be 98.37%, and the packet delivery ratio is attained as 99.60%.

KEYWORDS:

• Cluster head
• gateway node
• integrated optimization
• QoS constraints
• effective routing

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Additional information

Funding

No funding is provided for the preparation of manuscript.