Effect of heavy metals from an electronic waste open dumping area on the cytotoxicity of climbing perch (Anabas testudineus)

ABSTRACT

Abnormal chromosomes in climbing perch (Anabas testudineus) from a reservoir near an electronic waste (e-waste) open dumping area compared with reference area were investigated. The Cd, Pb, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni and Zn concentrations in water and sediment did not exceed the standard limit of Thailand. The Cd, Pb and Cr concentrations in A. testudineus from the e-waste area exceeded the food standard. The heavy metal concentrations in the A. testudineus samples from the e-waste and the reference areas were significantly different (p < 0.05), except for Mn. There were five types of abnormal chromosomes: centromere gap, deletion, fragmentation, single chromatid gap and single chromatid decomposition. The percentages of abnormal chromosomes in the A. testudineus cells from the e-waste and the reference areas were significantly different (p < 0.05). The results indicated that Cd, Pb and Cr concentrations from the e-waste area could induce the occurrence of abnormal chromosomes in A. testudineus.

KEYWORDS:

• Cytotoxicity
• chromosome
• fish
• electronic
• waste
• metal

Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank the members of the Research Group on Toxic Substances in Livestock and Aquatic Animals, Khon Kaen University, Thailand.

Disclosure statement

The authors declare they have no competing interest.

Additional information

Funding

This research was supported by the Royal Golden Jubilee (RGJ) PhD Program scholarship of the Thailand Research Fund (PHD/0044/2559).