Occurrence of extended spectrum β-lactamases, AmpC β-lactamase and sulfonamide resistance genes in ESBL-producing Escherichia coli recovered from faecal matter of lizards

ABSTRACT

The occurrence of β-lactamases and sulfonamide resistance genes in ESBL-producing E. coli from faecal matter of lizards was investigated. Isolation of ESBL-producing E. coli from lizard faecal matter was done on CHROMagar ESBL, and identification was done using molecular method. Disc diffusion method was used for the antibiotic susceptibility testing and detection of β-lactamases and sulfonamide resistance genes was done using PCR. Six ESBL-producing E. coli isolates were obtained. All the isolates obtained were multidrug resistant, showing a high level of resistance to the tested antibiotics. Five isolates carried at least one of the variants of bla_CTX-M and sul2, one isolate carried sul1, while bla_CMY was detected in three isolates, with two isolates carrying bla_SHV and bla_TEM concurrently. One isolate did not carry any of the genes. This study showed that faecal matter from lizards could be a reservoir of antibiotic resistant bacteria and resistance genes.

KEYWORDS:

• Agama lizards
• Faecal matter
• ESBL-producing E. coli
• antibiotic resistance
• extended spectrum β-lactamases
• AmpC β-lactamase
• sulfonamide resistancegenes

Acknowledgements

The authors sincerely appreciate the Laboratory technologists at Gene Lab, Ibadan, for their assistance.

Authors’ contributions

Author AOA conceived and designed the study. Authors AOA, AVO, OAB, EOJ and EPF carried out the laboratory experiment and data acquisition. Authors AOA, AVO, OAB, EOJ and EPF analysed and interpreted the data. Authors AOA and AVO prepared the first draft of the article. All authors approved the final article for publication.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.