Pre- and post-clinical–radiological and surgical evaluation of patients with pituitary adenoma and metabolic syndrome

Abstract

Background

Pituitary adenomas are benign tumors located in the anterior hypophysis. Its appearance is associated with the development of parameters related to metabolic syndrome; therefore, surgical treatment could reduce associated morbimortality.

Methods

Pre- and post-surgical MRI, using the Hardy–Wilson and Knosp classification, and clinical data according to the American Association of Clinical Endocrinology (AACE) criteria for metabolic syndrome: all the patients were followed-up until 208.57 days were reviewed on 217 consecutive patients with pituitary surgery.

Results

Seventy-four patients were included in this study. There was a significant reduction in tumor size in mm³ [average pre- and post-surgery respectively: 12,362 mm³ (±12,397); 3,910 mm³ (±7,160)], (p < 0.0001). This was confirmed by the Hardy–Wilson and Knosp classification, where most patients went from grade IV C (33.7%) to grade 0 (12.1%), IA (20.2%), IIB (21.36%), and IIC (16.2%); as well as from grade 4 (24.3%) to grade 0 (45.9%), respectively. After surgery, there were statistically significant reductions in total serum levels of glucose [average pre- and post-surgery, respectively: 116 mg/dL (±26.9); 90 mg/dL (±10.2)], (p < 0.001), triglycerides [average pre- and post-surgery, 240 mg/dL (±102); 171 mg/dL (±60.5)], (p = 0.001); and HDL-c [average pre- and post-surgery, respectively: 39 mg/dL (±11.8); 44.6 mg/dL (±8.4)], (p = 0.029). The other parameters remained unchanged.

Conclusion

This is the first study to demonstrate the relationship between the presence of pituitary adenoma and significative changes in serum glucose, triglycerides and c-HDL related to metabolic syndrome.

Keywords:

• Pituitary adenoma
• magnetic resonance image
• metabolic syndrome

Disclosure statement

The authors report there are no competing interests to declare.

Data availability statement

The data that support the findings of this study are available on request from the corresponding author [Carrillo-Ruiz JD]. The data are not publicly available due to their containing information that could compromise the privacy of research participants.

Ethics statement

The study involved human participants and was reviewed and approved by the Medical Ethical Committee of the General Hospital of Mexico (“Dr. Eduardo Liceaga,” Mexico City, Mexico) and was performed in accordance with the latest version of the Declaration of Helsinki. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants.

Additional information

Funding

The author(s) reported there is no funding associated with the work featured in this article.