A multi-item multi-packaging model to minimise cost of lost units, unpacking cost and CO₂ emissions

Abstract

This paper presents two multi-objective models that integrate packaging size and production scheduling problems for a flexible flow shop system. The main objective is to find the packaging size of finished product per item and the production schedule that would minimise cost of lost units, unpacking cost, inventory cost, earliness/tardiness penalties and kilograms of carbon dioxide emitted by resources operation. Since the complexity of the proposed models, a Pareto-based hybrid genetic algorithm (HGA) is also developed. A case study was developed to analyse the performance of both models using different instances. Numerical results indicate that the outperformance of one model over the other depends on the demand and the packaging size.

Keywords:

• Flexible flow shop
• packaging size
• lost units
• unpacking
• carbon dioxide
• genetic algorithm

Additional information

Funding

This research was conducted with the support of ‘Programa de Jóvenes Investigadores e Innovadores’ of Colciencias and ‘Departamento del Atlántico’, Universidad del Norte and the research group ‘Productividad y Competitividad’.