A study on the effects of nanostructure reinforcement on the failure load in adhesively bonded joints after the subjected to fully reversed fatigue load

ABSTRACT

Today, adhesively bonded joints are frequently used in the space and aviation industries. Joints used in these sectors are generally subject to dynamic loads due to environmental factors. This study experimentally and numerically investigated the static tensile loads of adhesively bonded joints after fully reversed (combination of tensile and compressive) fatigue loading where nanoadhesives – obtained by adding carbon nanostructures into aerospace grade structural adhesive – were used to bond the joints. Single lap joint specimens were produced using a nanocomposite adhesive obtained by adding 1 wt. % graphene, 1 wt. % carbon nanotubes-COOH and 1 wt. % fullerene C60 nanostructures to a DP460 structural adhesive. AA2024-T3 aluminum alloy and carbon fiber-reinforced composites (CFRCs) with a plain weave fabric (0/90°) were used as adherend materials. First, static tensile tests were applied to these joints to obtain their failure loads and then fully reversed sinusoidal fatigue tests were applied under a constant load amplitude, a frequency of 20 Hz and a load ratio of R = −1. Considering the failure loads obtained from the static tensile tests, 10⁶ fully reversed fatigue loading cycles were applied – which was accepted as an infinite life – at 400 N, 800 N and 1200 N load levels.

The static tensile failure loads and energy values absorbed of these joints were obtained and the change in the failure loads and energy values absorbed of the joints subjected to fatigue was investigated. The static failure loads of aluminum joints bonded with nanoadhesive and subjected to fully reversed fatigue loading increased by approximately 5% to 17%, depending on the nanostructure type added to the adhesive. Moreover, it was observed that there was an increase in loading of approximately 3% to 20% for the nanostructure reinforced joints obtained by using CFRCs with [0/90]₆ stacking sequence.

KEYWORDS:

• Composites
• nanostructures
• adhesives with nanoparticles
• mechanical testing
• fatigue cycle
• joints

Acknowledgements

This study was financially supported by The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey–TUBITAK through the Project no. 119M666.

Additional information

Funding

This work was supported by the TÜBİTAK [Project no. 119M666.].