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Original Articles

Detection and removal of brood infested with eggs and larvae of small hive beetles (Aethina tumida Murray) by Russian honey bees

Detección y eliminación de cría infestada con huevos y larvas del pequeño escarabajo de las colmenas (Aethina tumida Murray) por abejas rusas

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Pages 216-221 | Received 30 Oct 2007, Accepted 04 Jan 2008, Published online: 24 Mar 2015
 

Summary

The response of Russian honey bees to brood infested with small hive beetle (SHB) eggs and larvae was compared to that of a commercial stock (predominantly of A. m. ligustica). Test brood was grouped as follows: a) NoP = no perforation either of capping or cell wall; b) PWall = perforation of cell wall only; c) PCap = perforation of capping only; and d) PBoth = capping and cell wall perforations. All perforations were made by SHB. Our results showed that brood cells with perforations of the cell wall (PWall and PBoth) had the highest infestation (76.53 ± 2.10%) and number of eggs (58.46 ± 2.85 eggs). Because PCap showed low levels of infestation (29.17 ± 3.31% and 15.60 ± 1.31 eggs per infested cell), we calculated brood removal based on data from PWall and PBoth groups. Within 6 h, both stocks removed the contents of 39.24 ± 4.94% of PWall cells. A higher removal rate of 50.51 ± 5.80% was observed in PBoth cells. These two groups of brood had the highest numbers of eggs per infested cell (50–70 eggs). Eggs hatched after the 6 h observation and subsequent hygienic removal was of brood infested with larvae. At 20 h, additional 56.41 ± 4.62% (PWall) and 42.04 ± 4.91% (PBoth) removal rates were observed. Overall, the cumulative removal rates for both stocks were similar with means of 85.11 ± 2.98% and 84.32 ± 4.29% for the commercial and Russian honey bees, respectively. In conclusion, we observed that both honey bee stocks were able to detect eggs inside the sealed brood cells and remove them with the infested brood.

Resumen

La respuesta de las abejas rusas a la infestación de la cría con huevos y larvas del pequeño escarabajo de las colmenas (PEC) se comparó con la de un stock comercial (predominantemente de A.m. ligustica). La cría examinada se agrupó como sigue: a) NoP = opérculo o pared de la celda no perforada; b) PPared = sólo pared de la celda perforada; c) POpe = perforación sólo en el opérculo;y d) PAmbos = perforaciones en la pared y en el opérculo. Todas las perforaciones fueron hechas por PEC. Nuestros resultados mostraron que las celdas de cría con perforaciones de la pared (PPared y PAmbos) tuvieron la infestación más alta (76,53 ± 2,10%) y el mayor número de huevos (58,46 ± 2,85 huevos). Como POpe mostró niveles de infestación bajos (29,17 ±3,31% y 15,60 ± 1,31 huevos por celda infestada), calculamos la eliminación de la cría basándonos en datos de los grupos PPared y PAmbos. A las 6h, ambos grupos eliminaron el contenido de 39,24 ± 4,94% celdas PPared. Una mayor tasa de 50,51 ± 5,80% se observó en celdas PAmbos. Estos dos grupos de cría mostraron los valores más altos de huevos por celda infestada (50–70 huevos). Los huevos nacieron después de seis h de observación y la consecuente eliminación higiénica fue de cría infestada con larvas. A las 20 h, se observaron tasas de eliminación adicionales de 56,41 ± 4,62% (PPared) y 42,04 ±4,91% (PAmbos). En total la tasa acumulativa de eliminación para ambos stocks fue similar con valores medios de 85,11 ± 2,98% y 84,32 ± 4,29% para las abejas comerciales y rusas respectivamente. En conclusión hemos observado que ambos stocks de abejas fueron capaces de detectar huevos dentro de las celdas con cría operculada y de eliminarlos de la cría infestada.

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