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Pathology and Parasitology

Plastic film wrapped supers full of honey are frozen in an extraction facility as a sanitizing measure against Aethina tumida

Congelación de los cuadros de miel envueltos en plástico en una instalación de extracción como medida sanitaria contra Aethina tumida

, , , , , & show all
Pages 168-171 | Received 29 Sep 2016, Accepted 14 Dec 2016, Published online: 15 Mar 2017
 

Abstract

Following the discovery of the small hive beetle (Aethina tumida) (SHB) in the Calabria region of Italy in 2014, and similar finds in the region in the following years, it seems appropriate to evaluate measures that could allow the movement of supers full of honey from SHB non-infested but at risk areas, to extraction and processing facilities located in SHB non-infested areas. Freezing is appropriate as a sanitary measure for hive products such as pollen, but honey has a low thermal conductivity, so long periods of time are necessary to freeze whole supers. Supers containing two different honey crops (chestnut and eucalyptus) were placed in a freezing facility to determine the optimum times for SHB control. We found that supers full of honey should be stored in a −20 °C freezer for at least 71 (chestnut honey) and 83 (eucalyptus honey) hours respectively, to fulfil OIE recommendations for sanitization, but considering eucalyptus honey the worst scenario, we would recommend an 83-h-treatment generally.

Siguiendo el descubrimiento del escarabajo pequeño de las colmenas (Aethina tumida) (EPC) en la región de Calabria en Italia en 2014, y otros encuentros similares en la región en años posteriores, parece apropiado evaluar medidas que podrían permitir el movimiento de cuadros llenos de miel de zonas no infectadas pero en riesgo de EPC, a instalaciones de extracción y procesamiento localizadas en áreas no infectadas por EPC. La congelación es apropiada como medida sanitaria para productos de la colmena como el polen, pero la miel tiene una baja conductividad térmica, por lo que se necesitan largos períodos de tiempo para congelar cuadros enteros. Se colocaron cuadros con miel de dos cultivos diferentes (castaño y eucalipto) en un congelador para determinar el tiempo óptimo necesario para el control de EPC. Encontramos que hay que dejar los cuadros llenos de miel en un congelador a −20 ºC durante al menos 71 horas (para la miel de castaño) y 83 (para miel de eucalipto) para conseguir las medidas sanitarias recomendadas por la Organización Mundial de Salud Animal (OIE por sus siglas en inglés), pero considerando la miel de eucalipto como el peor escenario, recomendamos un tratamiento por lo general de 83 horas.

Acknowledgments

We thank the Italian Ministry of Health for financial support, Mr Filippo Leonardi, a commercial beekeeper, for his collaboration in this trial, and Mrs Luciana Barzon for data management.

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