Quantitative analysis of bioactive compounds present in Iranian royal jelly

Abstract

In this article, quantitative analysis of bioactive compounds present in Iranian royal jelly consisted of 10-HDA, acetylcholine, total proteins, soluble proteins including albumin, beta-glubolin, gamma globulin and insoluble proteins, nucleotides and ATP, free amino acids namely proline, lysine, aspartic acid, serine, threonine, alanine, cystine, valine, B-complex vitamins namely thiamine, riboflavin, pyridoxine, niacin, folic acid, and potassium as an important mineral have been determined. This research has shown that the Iranian royal jelly has a fairly good quality as compared to the foreign ones. Royal jelly samples were selected from three different climatical regions of Iran including Mashhad (hot and dry), Amol (moderate and wet) and Ardabil (cold and dry). Statistical analysis have shown that the bioactive compounds in royal jelly from Mashhad and Amol were significantly different which were 16.775 and 12.253 g/100g, respectively. Among the proteins available in Iranian royal jelly, albumin has the highest concentration that makes up about 50% of total proteins. Among the main amino acids in Iranian royal jelly, proline, aspartic acid, and lysine have the highest concentrations in respective decreasing order. The results have shown that royal jelly obtained from dry and arid regions has higher nutritional value as compared to moderate regions particularly the contents of 10-HDA and amino acids. It seems these components are increased in hot or cold and dry survey areas such as Mashhad and Ardebil due to less rainfall and more aromatic and medicinal vegetation in comparison with rainy area such as Amol.

Keywords:

• royal jelly
• bioactive compounds
• trans-10-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid (10-HDA)
• amino acids
• climatical region