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Original Articles

Biology and life cycle of Tmetonyx similis (G. O. Sars, 1891) (Amphipoda, Lysianassidae), a scavenging amphipod from the continental slope of the Mediterranean

Pages 3163-3186 | Accepted 29 Jun 2005, Published online: 21 Feb 2007
 

Abstract

The present study focused on the biology and life cycle of Tmetonyx similis, a scavenging amphipod inhabiting the continental slope of the north‐western Mediterranean. All the categories of individuals were observed in the samples. The emergence of offspring occurs in successive cohorts. The lifespan of the females is longer than that of the males, but the sex ratio is strongly in favour of the males. The fecundity was found to be lower than that of the other female crustaceans present in these samples. The growth pattern was modelled. A strong correlation was observed between the length and the weight of the animals collected. Several hypotheses are proposed to explain a sex ratio in favour of males. This result may be explained by a migratory process of the females of T. similis. A comparison of the reproduction strategy is given for the three main scavenger crustacean species (amphipods and isopod) collected in this area.

Résumé

La biologie et le cycle de vie de l'amphipode nécrophage Tmetonyx similis, vivant sur la pente continentale, ont été étudiés. Les différentes catégories d'individus ont été récoltées au cours des prélèvements. Les juvéniles sont émis en cohortes successives. La durée de vie des femelles est plus longue que celle des mâles, mais la sex ratio est fortement en faveur des mâles. La fécondité est plus faible que celle de femelles appartenant à d'autres espèces de crustacés présentes dans ces prélèvements. Un modèle de croissance a pu être établi. Il existe une étroite corrélation entre la taille et le poids. Différentes hypothèses sont avancées pour expliquer une sex ratio en faveur des mâles. Ce résultat peut s'interpréter par l'existence d'un processus de migration des femelles de T. similis. La stratégie de reproduction des trois principales espèces de crustacés nécrophages (amphipodes et isopode) récoltées dans ce milieu est étudiée.

Mots clés: Amphipode, biologie, cycle, Méditerranée, nécrophage, pente continentale, Tmetonyx similis

Acknowledgements

The author wishes to thank R. Marquet who developed the programme for recording the measurements of the animals, Dr D. Bellan‐Santini and Professor P. J. Hayward who kindly agreed to review the manuscript, Dr J. Aderson‐Blanc for critically reviewing the English manuscript, C. Bezac for her help with the SEM observations, and two anonymous reviewers for helpful criticism. The author is also grateful to the crews of the N.O. Antedon, Georges Petit and Catherine Laurence.

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