Structure of insect community in the fungus Inonotus radiatus in riparian boreal forests

ABSTRACT

Basidiomes of polypore fungi host many insects. Yet systematic information about insect assemblages from most fungal species is lacking. We studied the insect community associated with the wood-decaying fungus Inonotus radiatus (Sowerby: Fr.) P. Karst. (Hymenochaetales). More specifically, we studied the effect of successional stage and weight of basidiomes, as well as shore exposition (north or south), on species richness and composition, as well as occurrence and abundance of the most abundant fungivores. Basidiomes were collected from riparian forests at five lakes in Sweden. Insects were reared out from the basidiomes in the laboratory. A total of 5645 adult insect individuals of 117 taxa were obtained. Among these, 2782 specimens of 36 taxa use Inonotus radiatus basidiomes as breeding habitat. Eight species of parasitic wasps were new to Sweden. The most abundant fungivore was Ennearthron cornutum (Ciidae), which is a generalist breeding in many polypore species. Based on our material and literature, the melandryid beetles Abdera affinis and A. flexuosa seem to be specialists on the order Hymenochaetales. Other frequent fungivores were Dorcatoma dresdensis (Ptinidae), and the lepidopterans Archinemapogon yildizae, Nemapogon cloacellus and N. picarellus (Tineidae). The parasitoid community associated with the tineid moths was similar to the community associated with the other polypore species in the order Polyporales. In contrast, the parasitoids associated with Dorcatoma (and/or Abdera) were different from the other Polyporales species, suggesting that the fungal host species is more important for these parasitoid species than the beetle host species itself. The most abundant and frequent parasitoids were the braconids Diospilus dispar and Colastes fritzeni, which both parasitise Dorcatoma. Species richness was significantly smaller in fresh than in more decayed basidiomes, but species composition did not differ. There was no difference in species composition or richness between north and south shorelines.

KEYWORDS:

• Ptinidae
• Ciidae
• fungivores
• Melandryidae
• parasitoids
• Tineidae

Acknowledgements

Many thanks to Vitezslav Manak who helped us during the field work. We also thank all of the people who helped us to determine species: Christer Bergström (Tachinidae), Heino Ounap (Medetera), Kristaps Vilks (Gymnopterus), Ingemar Struwe (Chloropidae), Hannes Baur (Pteromalidae), Christer Hansson (Eulophidae), Lucian Fusu (Encyrtidae), Istvan Miko (Ceraphronidae), Andrei Humala (Orthocentrinae), Martin Schwarz (Cryptinae), Seraina Klopfstein (Diplazontinae), Andrew Liston (Tenthredinidae), Johannes Bergsten (Neuroptera) and Bengt Å. Bengtsson (Lepidoptera except Tineidae).

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.