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KIVA
Journal of Southwestern Anthropology and History
Volume 58, 1993 - Issue 3
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Original Articles

Pigment Processing at Homol'ovi III: A Preliminary Study

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Pages 415-428 | Published online: 26 Jul 2016
 

ABSTRACT

During analysis of the pigment-stained ground stone artifacts from Homol'ovi III, a late thirteenth to fourteenth century Western Anasazi pueblo near Winslow, Arizona, problems were encountered identifying the artifacts with red pigment on their use-surfaces. In order to solve these problems and to learn more about pigment-processing at Homol'ovi III, information from experiments designed to simulate prehistoric pigment processing was combined with the microscopic examination of wear on the use-surfaces of ground stone tools. Although the results of this study are preliminary, we were able to distinguish between naturally occurring and processed hematite, between specular hematite and hematitic mudstone, and between grinding dry hematite and mixing ground hematite with water. Further examination of the pigment-processing tools from Homol'ovi III suggests that there may have been differences in how residents used different kinds of hematite. This study also demonstrates that relying solely on morphological characteristics to infer artifact use can be misleading.

RESUMEN

Durante el análisis de un grupo de herramientas de piedra pulida con restos de pigmentos procedentes de Homol'ovi III, un sitio pueblo Anasazi localizado al oeste y cerca de Winslow habitado a finales del siglo trece y durante el siglo catorce, se presentaron problemas al tratar de identificar pigmentos rojos en las superficies de uso de los artefactos. Con el propósito de resolver estos problemas y aprender más acerca del proceso de pigmentación en Homol'ovi III se realizaron experimentos diseñados para simular el proceso prehispánico de pigmentación y se hicieron examinaciones microscópicas del daño sobre las superficies usadas de las herramientas de piedra pulida. Aunque los resultados de este estudio son preliminares, fuimos capaces de distinguir entre hematita natural y procesada, entre hematita especular y terrones hematíticos y entre hematita molida y sedimentos de hematita mezclados con agua. Una examinación adicional del proceso de pigmentación en instrumentos de Homol'ovi III sugiere que posiblemente existió un uso diferencial de tipos de hematita entre los residentes del sitio. Por último este estudio demuestra que el fiarse solo de characterísticas morfológicas para inferir tipos de uso puede ser engañoso.

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