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KIVA
Journal of Southwestern Anthropology and History
Volume 80, 2015 - Issue 3-4
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Articles

Coronado-era Place-names, I. Marcos de Niza in Sonora, and the Occurrence of Yaqui Names in his Relación

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Pages 350-365 | Published online: 06 May 2016
 

Abstract

Two words used by Marcos de Niza in the first European report on travel north through Sonora (1539) ‘“Sayota” and “Vacapa”’ appear to be traceable to the Hiaki (Yaqui) language. Also, the Coronado expedition's assignment (1540) of the name “Yaquimi” to what is now called the Río Yaqui, in its middle stretch near Onavas, indicates the presence of Hiaki/Yaqui-speakers in that region. These results are used to constrain the likely region of Hiaki/Yaqui-speaking peoples in 1539–42 and also the poorly known movements of Marcos de Niza and the Coronado expedition in Sonora at that time.

Dos palabras usadas por Marcos de Niza en el primer informe Europeo sobre los viajes hacia el norte a través de Sonora (1539)—“Sayota” y “Vacapa”—parece ser atribuibles al idioma Hiaki (Yaqui). Además, la asignación de la expedición de Coronado (1540) del nombre “Yaquimi,” a lo que ahora se llama el Río Yaqui, en su tramo medio cerca de Onavas, indica la presencia de Hiaki/Yaqui parlantes en esa región. Estos resultados se emplean para restringir la probable zona de pueblos de habla Hiaki/Yaqui en 1539–42 y también contribuyen a limitar los movimientos poco conocidos de Marcos de Niza y la expedición de Coronado en Sonora en ese tiempo.

Acknowledgments

Thanks to Maria and Santos Leyva for their consultation regarding the Hiaki language and geographic relationships, to linguist Terrence Langendoen for comments and advice regarding issues of Hiaki linguistics, and to Gayle Hartmann for discussions and editorial assistance beyond the call of duty.

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