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Notes
I am grateful to William Canak, Larry Issac, and Holly McCammon for their helpful comments on an earlier draft.
Cornfield and McCammon, Labor Revitalization; Milkman, Organizing Immigrants; Turner et al., Rekindling the Movement.
US Bureau of Labor Statistics, ‘Table 18.’
SEIU, ‘SEIU Caucuses’ and ‘SEIU Membership.’
See, for example, Cobble, Women and Unions; Johnston, Success While Others Fail; Sacks, Caring by the Hour.
AFL-CIO, ‘Immigrant Workers Freedom Ride’ and ‘Constituency Groups’; SEIU, ‘SEIU Caucuses’ and ‘SEIU Membership.’
Cornfield and McCammon, Labor Revitalization.
Cornfield, ‘Making a Meaningful Labor Movement’; Cornfield and McCammon, Labor Revitalization.
Piven and Cloward, Poor People's Movements, 1–40.
See, for example, notes 3–5; Cornfield, Becoming a Mighty Voice; and Isaac and Christiansen, ‘How the Civil Rights Movement Revitalized Labor Militancy.’
Greenstone, Labor in American Politics, 387–404; August 2000 special issue of Work and Occupations on ‘Workers, Customers, and Clients’; AFL-CIO, ‘Constituency Groups’; Tsui and Fahr, ‘Where Guanxi Matters.’
Form, Segmented Labor; Lipset and Marks, It Didn't Happen Here, 125–66.
Cobble, Women and Unions; Cornfield and McCammon, Labor Revitalization; Johnston, Success While Others Fail; Vallas, ‘Rediscovering the Color Line.’
August 2000 special issue of Work and Occupations on ‘Workers, Customers, and Clients’; Tsui and Fahr, ‘Where Guanxi Matters.’
AFL-CIO, ‘Constituency Groups.’
AFL-CIO, ‘Immigrant Workers Freedom Ride.’
SEIU, ‘SEIU Caucuses.’
Ferus-Comelo, ‘Recasting the Story of David and Goliath.’
Bacon, ‘Organizing Silicon Valley's High Tech Workers.’
Holmes, ‘Re-scaling Collective Bargaining.’
Roy, ‘Globalisation and the World Working Class.’
Hensman, ‘World Trade and Worker's Rights.’
Human Rights Watch, Unfair Advantage, 8.
The Academy-Award-nominated documentary, Who killed Vincent Chin? by Christine Choy and Renee Tajima contextualizes the 1982 murder of a Chinese American engineer by two white unemployed auto workers in Detroit.
Herod, Labor Geographies; Simms, Workers of the World Undermined.
See, for instance, Ching Louie, Sweatshop Warriors.
See O'Grady and Nowak, ‘Beyond New Unionism.’
I refer here essentially to the works of Gérard Adam (Le pouvoir syndical), Pierre Rosanvallon (La question) and Dominique Labbé (La fin; Syndicats), whose work has particularly contributed to the formulation of the theses discussed here.
Olson, La logique de l'action collective.
Touraine, La conscience ouvrière.
Touraine, La voix et le regard.
Touraine, Le grand refus.
Hege, ‘Trade Unions in Crisis.’
Representing nearly 15,000 janitors, nursing home workers, school crossing guards, cafeteria workers, and clerks, Local A is now the second-largest union local in Pittsburgh.
Murray et al., ‘The Re-regulation of Labour.’
Dufour and Hege, L'Europe Syndicale au Quotidien.
Contrepois, Syndicats, la nouvelle donne.
The argument here is based on the idea of regulation developed by Jean-Daniel Reynaud (Les Règles du Jeu).
Fairbrother and Yates, ‘Unions in Crisis.’
See also Bronfenbrenner and Juravich, ‘It Takes More than House Calls.’
See also Johnston, Success While Others Fail.
Clawson, The Next Upsurge.
For example, Danford et al., ‘“New Unionism”, Organizing and Partnership’ and New Unions, New Workplaces.
For example, Carter, ‘State Restructuring and Union Renewal.’
See Voss, The Making of American Exceptionalism; Fantasia and Voss, Hard Work.
On Australia, see Howard, ‘Australian Trade Union;’ Wooden, The Transformation of American Industrial Relations; on New Zealand, see Hince, ‘Euro-American Union Theory;’ Walsh, ‘From Arbitration to Bargaining.’
Carter and Fairbrother, ‘The Transformation of British Public Sector Relations.’
Fairbrother, Trade Unions at the Crossroads.
Fairbrother and Stewart, ‘The Dilemmas of Social Partnership.’
For example Bronfenbrenner et al., Organizing to Win; Fairbrother and Yates, ‘Unions in Crisis, Unions in Renewal.’
Milkman and Voss, Rebuilding Labor. Further elaborated in the earlier analysis by Voss and Sherman, ‘Breaking the Iron Law of Oligarchy.’
For example, Gall, Union Organizing.
Hyman, ‘The Politics of Workplace Trade Unionism;’ cf. Charlwood, ‘The New Generation of Trade Union Leaders.’
Kelly, Rethinking Industrial Relations; see also Heery, ‘Partnership versus Organizing;’ Gall, Union Organizing.
Voss and Sherman, ‘Breaking the Iron Law of Oligarchy;’ Lopez, Reorganizing the Rust Belt.
Fairbrother, ‘British Trade Unions Facing the Future;’ Fairbrother and Yates, ‘Unions in Crisis, Unions in Renewal.’
Voss and Sherman, ‘You Just Can't Do It Automatically;’ see also ibid., ‘Breaking the Iron Law of Oligarchy.’
Ibid., ‘You Just Can't Do It Automatically,’ 53, 58.
For further elaboration, on the US see Bronfenbrenner Organizing to Win; on the UK see Carter, ‘State Restructuring and Union Renewal;’ Gall, Union Organizing; Charlwood, ‘Influences on Trade Union Organizing Effectiveness;’ on New Zealand see Oxenbridge, ‘Organizing Strategies’ and ‘A Story of Crisis’; and on Australia see Pocock, ‘Institutional Sclerosis;’ Peetz, Unions in a Contrary World, chap. 8.
For another version of this approach see Frege and Kelly, ‘Union Revitalization Strategies.’
Voss and Sherman, ‘Breaking the Iron Law of Oligarchy,’ 306; ‘You Just Can't Do It Automatically.’
Ibid., ‘Breaking the Iron Law of Oligarchy,’ 343–44.
Fairbrother, Trade Unions at the Crossroads, 17–22; on local and global, see Russo, ‘Strategic Campaigns.’
Fairbrother, ‘Workplace Trade Unionism’ and ‘British Trade Unions Facing the Future.’
Wills and Simms, ‘Building Reciprocal Community Unionism.’
For example, Fairbrother, ‘British Trade Unions Facing the Future’ and Trade Unions at the Crossroads.
Gall, ‘The Prospects for Workplace Trade Unionism.’
Voss and Sherman, ‘You Just Can't Do It Automatically,’ 65–69.
McIlroy, ‘Still under Siege;’ Heery, ‘Partnership versus Organizing;’ Carter, ‘State Restructuring and Renewal.’
For example, Carter, ‘State Restructuring and Renewal.’
Fairbrother and Yates, ‘Unions in Crisis, Unions in Renewal,’ 27.
For details see http://www.laborstudies.wayne.edu/ASA/
Clawson, The Next Upsurge; Fantasia and Voss, Hard Work
http://www.seiu.org/who/fast_facts/
Bernstein, ‘Can This Man Save Labor?’
The strategic logic guiding the NUP was first articulated by the SEIU's Stephen Lerner (‘An Immodest Proposal’). For a more recent formulation see http://www.unitetowin.org/ And for a more critical account, see Hurd, ‘The Failure of Organizing.’
http://www.seiu.org/who/fast_facts/
Another fascinating recent sociological study that explores this issue from a different vantage point is Penney, ‘Workers against Unions.’
Voss and Sherman, ‘Breaking the Iron Law of Oligarchy.’
http://www.seiu.org/who/fast_facts/ See also Beadling et al., A Need for Valor.
Cobble, ‘Organizing the Postindustrial Work Force.
Dark, ‘Debating Decline.’
Early, ‘Reutherism Redux.’
Hurd, ‘The Failure of Organizing,’ 16–19.
Cobble, ‘Organizing the Postindustrial Work Force.’
Piore and Sabel pointed this out in their influential The Second Industrial Divide, 115–20. See also Gordon, ‘The Lost City of Solidarity.’
Waldinger et al. ‘Helots No More.’
But this was not the case in the CIO's formative period, when many left-wing intellectuals worked as organizers; the policy only emerged as the CIO unions developed into permanent institutions.
See Voss and Sherman, ‘Breaking the Iron Law of Oligarchy;’ Piore, ‘Unions.’
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