Tetrel bond involving -CH₃ group in H_nXCH₃ (X = F, Cl, and Br, n = 0; X = O, S, and Se, n = 1; X = N, P, and As, n = 2). Cooperativity with triel bond and beryllium bond

Abstract

The tetrel bond formed between the σ-hole on the C atom of H_nXCH₃ (X = F, Cl, and Br, n = 0; X = O, S, and Se, n = 1; X = N, P, and As, n = 2) and the N atom of NCM (M = Li and Na) was studied by ab initio calculations at the MP2/aug-cc-pVTZ level. The molecules involving nitrogen or oxygen group substituents engage in a weaker tetrel bond with interaction energies in the range of 5–12 kJ/mol. In contrast, a stronger tetrel bond is formed when the X atom of H_nXCH₃ is a halogen, with interaction energies in the range of 16–18 kJ/mol. The tetrel bond is further enhanced by the addition of the electron-deficient molecule BeH₂ or BH₃ to the X atom of H_nXCH₃ and the interaction energy can be increased to 38 kJ/mol. Moreover, the enhancing effect of beryllium bond on the tetrel bond is greater than that from the triel bond.

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

KEYWORDS:

• Tetrel bond
• triel bond
• beryllium bond
• NBO
• AIM

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Additional information

Funding

This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province [grant number ZR2021MB123].