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Abstract
The ophiostomatoid fungi are an economically important group that include various destructive plant pathogens. Knowledge regarding the occurrence of these fungi on larch (Larix spp.) and their relationship with insects associated with this host is limited. Recent isolations from Larix laricina in eastern North America infested with Dendroctonus simplex, revealed an apparently new Ophiostoma species. This taxon superficially resembles O. cainii but could be distinguished from the latter species, based on its robust perithecia that were much larger than those of O. cainii. The Graphium anamorph of this fungus was also substantially smaller than that of O. cainii. After thorough comparison of this fungus with the type specimen and the original description of O. cainii, we conclude this fungus represents a new taxon and it is thus described here as O. simplex.
